கோடிக்கணக்கில் பாகிஸ்தானில் இருந்த இந்துக்கள் எங்கே (1)?

கோடிக்கணக்கில் பாகிஸ்தானில் இருந்த இந்துக்கள் எங்கே (1)?

1971ம் ஆண்டு ராணுவ நடவடிக்கைகளில் 2.5 மில்லியன் இந்துக்கள் காணவில்லை என்று  எட்வர்டு கென்னடி அறிக்கைக் குறிப்பிட்டது. ஆனால், இதை இந்தியாவிலுள்ள செக்யூலரிஸ போதையில் ஊறியுள்ள உன்மத்தர்களுக்கு நினைவில் இருக்குமா என்று தெரியவில்லை.

Hindu Genocide in East Pakistan

By Shrinandan Vyas

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This article deals with slaughter of about 2.5 million Hindus in East Pakistan in 1971.

This article refers to information provided by Dept. of Planning of Government of Bangla Desh, Encyclopedia Britannica, Senator Edward Kennedy’s report to the U.S.Senate Judiciary Committee, Newsweek, New York Times,etc. This information and elementary math are used to show that indeed millions of Hindus were killed in East Pakistan in 1971.

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ABSTRACT

It is well known that the 1971 army repression in Bangla Desh (former East Pakistan) resulted in an influx of 10 million refugees into India. Most world renowned relief and news agencies put the number of dead at 3 million. However the fact that is glossed over in these statistics is that THE ENTIRE HINDU POPULATION OF EAST PAKISTAN WAS THE PRIMARY TARGET OF PAKISTANI ARMY DURING THE 9 MONTHS OF REPRESSION IN 1971. Using the population statistics from Bangla Desh Government and US Government publications this article PROVES that 80 percent of the refugees from Bangla Desh were Hindus and that 80 percent of the 3 million killed were Hindus. THUS IT WAS A HINDU REFUGEE PROBLEM and IT WAS A HINDU GENOCIDE THAT TOOK PLACE IN EAST PAKISTAN IN 1971.

10 References – Encyclopedia Britannica, Bangla Desh Government – Ministry of Planning (for statistics), Newsweek, New York Times, Senator Edward Kennedy’s report to the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee.

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INTRODUCTION

In the December 1970 general election in Pakistan, Awami League won 167 of 169 seats and over 80 % of popular votes in East Pakistan. Numerically Awami League had an absolute majority of seats in the Pakistan National Assembly (167 of the total 313 seats)(1). Historically, East Pakistan was allocated only 36 % of the total resources and East Pakistanis occupied only 20 % of the positions in the federal government in the United Pakistan (2). The Pakistani government’s apathy towards East Pakistan after a terrible cyclone in November 1970 in which over 250,000 people died, had alienated East Pakistani people. The solid outcome of the 1970 elections for Awami League created an alternative power center for an already alienated people. The differences between the East and West Pakistani politicians snowballed into a major international crisis. On March 25, 1971 Pakistani army on President Yahya Khan’s orders initiated a campaign of terror which was to last till its final surrender to the Indian army on December 17, 1971. This terror campaign by Pak army resulted in 10 million Bangla Deshi refugees crossing over to India (per Senator Edward Kennedy’s report to the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee (3)) and 3 million killed (4,5) based on reports from most relief agencies and official Bangla Desh government estimate. However the religious mix of both the refugees and the dead is nowhere emphasized anywhere. This significant information has particularly been absent in the reports from Indian News Media. This selective news dissemination has kept a more sinister truth of Hindu genocide in East Pakistan hidden from the world in general and Indians in particular.

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HINDUS IN EAST PAKISTAN WERE SPECIAL TARGET OF PAK ARMY

In the summary of his report dated November 1, 1971 Senator Edward Kennedy writes (6):

‘Field reports to the U.S. Government, countless eye-witness journalistic accounts, reports of International agencies such as World Bank and additional information available to the subcommittee document the reign of terror which grips East Bengal (East Pakistan). HARDEST HIT HAVE BEEN MEMBERS OF THE HINDU COMMUNITY WHO HAVE BEEN ROBBED OF THEIR LANDS AND SHOPS, SYSTEMATICALLY SLAUGHTERED, AND IN SOME PLACES, PAINTED WITH YELLOW PATCHES MARKED “H”. All of this has been officially sanctioned, ordered and implemented under martial law from Islamabad. ..’ (emphasis added by author of this article).

Sydney Schanberg, pulitzer prize winning journalist (of ‘Killing Fields’) was New York Times correspondent in Dhaka in 1971 at the time of army repression and during the 1971 Bangla Desh war. In his syndicated column ‘The Pakistani Slaughter That Nixon Ignored’ Mr.Schanberg writes:

“I covered the war and witnessed first the population’s joyous welcome of the Indian soldiers as liberators .. Later I toured the country by road to see the Pakistani legacy firsthand. In town after town there was an execution area where people had been killed by bayonet, bullet and bludgeon. In some towns, executions were held on a daily basis.”

This was a month after the war’s end (i.e. January 1972), … human bones were still scattered along many roadsides. Blood stained clothing and tufts of human hair clung to the brush at these killing grounds. Children too young to understand were playing grotesque games with skulls. OTHER REMINDERS WERE THE YELLOW “H”s THE PAKISTANIS HAD PAINTED ON THE HOMES OF HINDUS, PARTICULAR TARGETS OF THE MUSLIM ARMY.” (7) (emphasis added by the author of this article).

Thus two independent observations one dated prior to November 1, 1971 and other in January 1972 confirm that Hindu houses in East Pakistan were marked with yellow “H”s and that Hindus were particular targets of the Pakistani army. The situation thus bears an uncanny resemblance to the predicament of Jews targeted by Nazis from 1939 to 1944, with similar out come.

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MOST OF THE REFUGEES FROM BANGLA DESH WERE HINDUS

Senator Edward Kennedy in his report gives following details about the the refugees from Bangla Desh in 1971. As of October 25, 1971, 9.54 million refugees from East Pakistan had crossed over to India. The average influx as of October 1971 was 10,645 refugees a day (3). Hence the total refugee population at the start of Bangla Desh war on December 3, 1971 was about 10 million (5).

Sen. Kennedy further mentions that Government of India had set up separate refugee camps for Hindus and Muslims where possible, i.e. refugee camps of Hindus were located in Hindu majority areas and similarly Muslim camps were located in Muslim majority areas. THE COMMUNAL REPRESENTATION OF REFUGEES WAS 80 PERCENT HINDU, 15 PERCENT MUSLIM AND 5 PERCENT CHRISTIAN AND OTHER (8).

This means that 8 MILLION OF THE 10 MILLION REFUGEES WERE HINDUS (8). Other fact that corroborates this is that when Sen. Kennedy had asked several Chief Relief officers in charge of refugee camps what was needed most urgently, their reply was “crematoriums”.

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THE MISSING 2 .5 MILLION HINDUS

Several agencies indicate that the brutal Pakistani army repression killed 3 million Bengalis. This estimate is even given by the Government of Bangla Desh (5). However no religious mix of the dead is easily available.

Let us therefore look at the population demographics for Bangla Desh which is given in Table I.

TABLE I

Source : Based on Information from Bangladesh Ministry of planning, Bureau of Statistics (9)

YEAR	Total Population in Millions	Hindu Population as % of Total	Hindu Population in Millions
1941	42.00	28.0	11.76
1961	50.84	18.5	9.41
1974	71.48	13.5*	9.655
1981	87.13	12.2	10.633

^{* Encyclopedia Britannica (10) gives 13.5% figure for 1974, where as Government of Bangla Desh gives 13.5% for 1971 and total population of 71.48 million for 1974 (9).}

Since Hindus and Muslims in Bangladesh have similar socio- economic and educational backgrounds, the birth and death rates for these two groups must be very similar. This means that the Hindu population must grow at the same pace as the total population growth rate. Hence any unusual drop must be accounted for by influx of Hindu refugees and mortality rate from non natural causes. The expected Hindu population, the emigration to India from E. Pakistan and actual populations are listed in Table II.

Table II

YEAR	Hindu Population of East Pak/BD Actual (9) (millions)	Expected Hindu Population in Absence of Strife (millions)	Refugees from E. Pakistan to India(8) (millions)	Hindus Missing (millions)
1941	11.766	–	–	–
1961	9.41	14.24	4.12(1947-58)	0.711
1974	9.65	13.23	1.11(1964-70)	2.477

Thus if 1947 partition had not resulted, the Hindu population of East Pakistan area should by 1961 have increased proportionally from 11.76 millions in 1941, to 14.24 millions (11.76 * 50.84 / 42 = 14.24). The official Indian Government records indicate that between 1947 and 1958, 4.12 million (Hindu) refugees crossed into India from East Bengal(3). This means the Hindu population in East Pakistan in 1961 should have been 10.12 million (14.24 – 4.12) compared to the actual 9.41 million. The missing 0.7 million Hindu population can be accounted by several hundred thousands killed in the riots in 1947 on the Bengal border, plus the refugee influx from 1958 to 1961. 1961.

Let us now look at Hindu population in East pakistan from 1961 to 1974. With proportional increase the Hindu population of 9.41 million in 1961 should have increased to 13.23 million ( 9.41 * 71.48 / 50.84 = 13.23 ) by 1974. However the actual Hindu population as per Bangla Desh Census data for 1974 was 9.65 million. Of the 3.58 million shortfall only 1.11 million can be accounted for since Government of India’s record indicate that 1.11 million (Hindu) refugees crossed into India between 1964 and 1970 (3) i.e.PRIOR to the 1971 crisis.

THUS 2.47 MILLION (13.23 – 9.65 – 1.11 = 2.47) HINDUS FROM EAST PAKISTAN ARE UNACCOUNTED FOR FROM THE 1971 PAK ARMY REPRESSION.

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OTHER PROOF FOR 2.4 MILLION HINDUS KILLED IN EAST PAKISTAN

Since the 80 percent of the refugees in 1971 were Hindus,a similar proportion of the dead are likely to be Hindus also. The official Bangla Desh government estimate puts the number of Bengalis killed at 3 million. 80 percent of 3 million put THE NUMBER OF HINDUS KILLED AT 2.4 MILLION which is close to the number of Hindus missing calculated comes above.

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SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS

1. Independent accounts indicate that Hindus from East Pakistan were special target during the 1971 army repression. HINDU HOUSES WERE PAINTED WITH YELLOW “H”s, THEY WERE ROBBED OF THEIR LANDS AND SHOPS, AND THEY WERE SYSTEMATICALLY SLAUGHTERED.
2. 80 percent of the refugees to India in 1971 were Hindus, THUS IT WAS A HINDU REFUGEE PROBLEM.
3. NEARLY 2.5 MILLION HINDUS WERE KILLED DURING THE 9 MONTHS OF PAKISTANI ARMY REPRESSION OF EAST PAKISTAN IN 1971. THUS IT WAS A HINDU SLAUGHTER IN 1971.
4. ALL THE ABOVE BEAR AN UNCANNY RESEMBLANCE TO THE PERSECUTION & HOLOCAUST OF JEWS BY THE NAZIS.
5. INDIAN GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED ‘SECULAR’ MEDIA DELIBERATELY HID THE SINISTER TRUTH OF HINDU GENOCIDE IN EAST PAKISTAN.
6. In any internal political problem of an Islamic country, Hindus (or minorities of other religions) become the scapegoats and will be liquidated at the first chance the Islamic Government gets.
7. WE HAVE LEARNT NOTHING FROM THE HISTORY AND WITH THE ‘PSECULAR‘ MEDIA WE WILL LEARN NOTHING.

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COMMENTS & FUTURE WORK

This is just the tip of the iceberg. The ethnic cleansing of Hindus in Bangla Desh did not end in 1971. Since 1974 to 1981 the Hindu population as a percent of total Bangla Deshi population decreased from 13.5 % to 12.2 %. This slide has continued over the last decade. Same is true about Hindus in Pakistan and in Kashmir valley.

There is a genuine need for systematic record keeping and documentation of the history of Hindu genocides & Hindu ethnic cleansing, so that we don’t repeat it again (and again and again..) There is also a need to build a memorial of this Hindu holocaust similar to the Jewish Holocaust memorial in Washington DC.

This topic is extensively dealt in a book ‘Genocide in East Pakistan/ Bangla Desh’ by S.K.Bhattacharya. However the present author has verified the findings of S.K. Bhattacharya based on completely independent sources. For detailed descriptions and news reports of 1971, reader should refer to the original book.

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REFERENCES

1. Bangladesh: The Birth Of A Nation, A hand book of Background information and Documentary Sources Compiled by Univ. of Chicago Group of Scholars, by M.Nicholas, P.Oldensburg, Ed.W.Morehouse, M.Seshachalam & Co., India, 1972, p.7
2. Same as reference 1, p.73
3. Crisis in South Asia – A report by Senator Edward Kennedy to the Subcommittee investigating the Problem of Refugees and Their Settlement, Submitted to U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, November 1, 1971, U.S. Govt. Press, pp.6-7.
4. Newsweek, August 1, 1994, p.37
5. Same as reference 1, pp.44-45
6. Same as reference 3, p.66
7. The Pakistani Slaughter That Nixon Ignored , Syndicated Column by Sydney Schanberg, New York Times, May 3, 1994.
8. Same as reference 3, p. 19
9. Bangladesh A Country Study, Ed. J.Heitzman & R.L.Worden, 2nd Ed, Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, Publisher U.S. Army, 1989, pp.250,255
10. Encyclopedia Britannica, 15 th Ed, Micropedia, Vol.1, p.789 Desh.

காஷ்மீரத்தில் இருந்த நான்கு லட்சம் இந்துக்கள் எங்கே?

காஷ்மீரத்தில் இருந்த நான்கு லட்சம் இந்துக்கள் எங்கே?

காஷ்மீர் மாநிலத்தில் உள்ள மக்களின் உரிமைகள் என்றால் இந்துக்களைப் பற்றியும் சொல்லியாஜ வேண்டும். இந்துக்கள் அங்கிருந்து முஸ்லீம்களால் கொடுமைப்படுத்தி விரட்டியடிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. மாறாக, முஸ்லிம்கள் தீவிரவாதத்தை, பயங்கரவாதத்தை, ஜிஹாதி கொடுமைவாதத்தை வளர்த்துக் கொண்டு அவஸ்தைப் பட்டு வருகிறார்கள்.

இந்துக்கள் யாரும் இந்திய அதிகாரத்தை, அதிகாரிகளை, போலீஸ் மற்ற பாதுகாப்பு வீரர்களை, ஜவான்களை எதிர்க்கவில்லை, கொல்லவில்லை, குண்டுகள் வீசி தீவிரவாதம் செய்யவில்லை.

மாறாக முஸ்லீம்கள்தான் அவ்வாறு செய்து வருகிறார்கள்

Roots in Kashmir Tug Hindus Home By LYDIA POLGREEN Published: June 5, 2010

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/world/asia/06kashmir.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/06/world/asia/06kashmir.html?pagewanted=2

காஷ்மீர-இந்துக்கள்-2010

SRINAGAR, Kashmir — The ceremony is simple and common. A Hindu priest lights a fire, places some herbs, clarified butter and other offerings atop it and through its peculiar alchemy the smoke purifies everything it touches. But nothing about this Maha Yaghya ritual performed in the once-abandoned Vichar Nag shrine here on a recent Saturday night was simple. A week of downpours left the shrine’s grounds waterlogged and putrid. The wood was wet and the fire would not start. But most peculiar was the ceremony’s location, astride one of the world’s most fractious religious fault lines, between two nuclear-armed neighbors who have fought three wars, two of them over the land on which the shrine sits.

KASHMIR2

4,00,000 இந்துக்கள் 3000 ஆகிவிட்டனர், மற்றவர்கள் எங்கே? Twenty years ago, nearly 400,000 Hindus fled the Kashmir Valley, fearful of a separatist insurgency by the area’s Muslim majority. Now they are trickling back, a sign to many here that the Kashmir Valley, after years of violence and turmoil, is settling in to an uneasy but hopeful peace. The valley’s upper-caste Hindus, Pandits as they are known, are reconnecting with their ancestral home, a few to stay and even larger numbers to visit. More than a dozen shrines have reopened in recent years, said Sanjay Tickoo, a Kashmiri Pandit who never left the valley and is now trying to entice those who left to return. Their presence was once part of what made the Kashmir Valley a unique and idyllic patch of India, filled with apple orchards and shimmering fields of saffron framed by spiky, snow-capped peaks. A well-to-do but not overly powerful minority, the Pandits lived for centuries in relative harmony with their Muslim neighbors.

1947 முதல் 1989, அதற்குப் பிறகு: Kashmir’s mosaic of relatively peaceful coexistence first began to crack during the partition of British India, in 1947. But it was more than a decade of insurgency beginning in 1989 that turned the region into the battleground of the fierce rivalry between Hindu-majority India and Muslim-dominated Pakistan, who each control a portion of Kashmir. Though not all fears or tensions from the past have dissipated, almost everyone here professes to want the Pandits to come back to the valley. Because they had lived here for generations, there is no sense that their return is intended to dilute the region’s Muslim majority.

“The overwhelming majority of Kashmiris believe the place is really incomplete without its diversity,” said Omar Abdullah, the chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir. “It is an important milestone in our return to normalcy if they begin to come back.”

M. L. Dhar, a 75-year-old Kashmiri Pandit who lives in a suburb of New Delhi, returned recently to Kashmir for the first time. He was astounded at the warm welcome he received from the valley’s Muslims.

“I have never been as peaceful as I have been here in the last seven days,” he said.

Mr. Dhar lived around the corner from the Vichar Nag shrine and was stunned to find it a wreck. For years troops from the Border Security Force camped out on the grounds of the shrine. They left several years ago, abandoning it to the elements. Today it is withered, all shattered windows and peeling paint garlanded with razor wire.

A group of activists, led by Mr. Tickoo and others, hoped the purification ritual would draw Kashmiri Pandits from outside the valley.

Mr. Tickoo never left the valley. As most of his neighbors packed up to leave in 1990, Mr. Tickoo, then 22, asked his mother if they should go, too.

“She said, ‘Lets wait another week,’ ” Mr. Tickoo said. “That carried from weeks to months to years.”

Last year Mr. Tickoo completed a survey of the remaining Pandits in the valley, counting fewer than 3,000.

“From birth to death Kashmiri Pandits have our own culture, our own rituals,” Mr. Tickoo said. “Outside of Kashmir you cannot be a Kashmiri Pandit.”

இந்துக்கள் ஏன் விரட்டியடிக்கப்பட்டனர்? Why the Pandits fled, and whether their departure was a hasty overreaction or a rational response to a mortal threat, is debated to this day. Dozens of Pandits were killed in 1989 and 1990, according to government records, and anti-Hindu rhetoric from separatist militants was on the rise.

Now, two decades later, both sides of the religious divide wonder whether they erred. Gulam Rasoul, a retired police officer who lives near the newly reopened temple, said both sides shared blame.

“They ran away, and we drove them out,” he said. “Now they regret it, and we also regret the loss.”

He quoted an old Kashmiri saying. “Kashmir is like a Mughal garden,” he said, referring to the immaculately tended gardens, full of roses, lilies and violets that dot the landscape here. “If you have only one tree in the garden it will have no fragrance. When the Pandits left, the fragrance was gone.”

But platitudes belie deep divisions. Many Muslims see Pandits as more loyal to India than to Kashmir, while many Pandits view Muslims as not-so-secret agents of Pakistan.

Some Pandits, especially those who fled farthest from the valley, have never been back and continue to think it is unsafe to return. And they had little financial incentive to come back. Many worked for the government and kept receiving their salaries in exile.

L. N. Dhar, a doctor who lives in New Delhi, left Kashmir with his extended family in 1990. He opened a clinic and settled into an upscale neighborhood in the city’s southern suburbs.

“These people had guns, they were free to shoot anyone, kill anybody,” Dr. Dhar said. “It was an atmosphere of terror. We had no option but to leave that place.”

Leaving Kashmir, he said, has turned out to be cultural suicide, he said. Scattered Pandits find it hard to keep their traditions and rituals alive. Their children barely speak Kashmiri, if at all.

“Once these links are gone out, identity is completely lost,” he said.

Despite the feeling that militancy is unlikely to return anytime soon, few Pandits have permanently returned. It was always an affluent and well-educated community, so many Pandits are well established elsewhere in India and beyond.

At the Vichar Nag shrine, as the harmonium wailed and the rising chorus of old Kashmiri songs filled the air, Muslim onlookers marveled at the return of their long-lost neighbors.

“I have not seen these people before, so I am curious,” said Nazim Amin Butt, a 22-year-old business school student. He watched with rapt attention as the chanting priest daubed saffron, red, pink and blue powder on the earthen fire pit, and placed heaps of flower petals at the head of the lingam, the phallic icon of Lord Shiva.

“It is not a problem that they come here,” Mr. Butt said. “They come from this place just like us. They belong here.”